Carbohydrates are natural compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They are found in many foods such as grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes. Their main function is to provide energy to our bodies, especially to the brain and muscles. When we consume carbohydrates, they are broken down in the body into glucose, which cells use as fuel.
Types of Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are categorized into simple and complex.

• Simple Carbohydrates
  Simple carbohydrates, like sugars found in sweets and sugary drinks, are quickly absorbed into the bloodstream, leading to a rapid surge of energy but also a quick drop. This can result in energy fluctuations and increased cravings for sweets.
  
• Complex Carbohydrates
  Complex carbohydrates, found in whole grains, legumes, and vegetables, are digested slowly, ensuring a steady release of energy. Additionally, they contain fiber, which is important for a healthy digestive system.

Recommended Daily Intake

Experts recommend that carbohydrates should account for 45–60% of the daily energy intake. For an adult, this means approximately 200–300 grams of carbohydrates per day, depending on physical activity and other factors.
Role of Carbohydrates in the Body

• Energy Source
  Glucose obtained from carbohydrates is the main source of energy for the body. The brain, accounting for only 2% of body weight, uses up to 20% of daily energy, mostly derived from glucose.
  
• Energy Storage
  The body stores excess glucose in the form of glycogen in the liver and muscles. This reserve is utilized during physical activity or when food intake is inadequate.
  
• Support for Muscle Mass
  Carbohydrates prevent the breakdown of muscle proteins for energy. Sufficient carbohydrate intake is therefore essential for maintaining muscle mass.
  
• Healthy Digestive System
  Fiber, a component of complex carbohydrates, promotes a healthy digestive system, prevents constipation, and aids in regulating blood sugar.

Incorporating Healthy Carbohydrates into the Diet

For optimal health, it is advisable to choose complex carbohydrates such as:

• Whole Grains (oats, brown rice, whole grain bread)
  
• Legumes (beans, lentils, chickpeas)
  
• Fruits and Vegetables
  These foods not only provide energy but also essential nutrients like vitamins, minerals, and fiber.

Carbohydrates are vital for our health and well-being. Instead of eliminating them from our diet, let's focus on quality sources that support our bodies and minds. With a balanced approach, carbohydrates can become our allies on the journey to better health.